Orphism in art is a term coined by French artist and theorist Robert Delaunay in the early 20th century to describe a movement that emerged as a branch of Cubism but focused more on colour and light rather than the fragmentation of forms.
The key characteristic of Orphism is its emphasis on vibrant colour, dynamic movement and the interplay of light and shadow, creating compositions that are both abstract and dynamic.
The movement sought to express the emotional resonance of colour and form through non-representational art. Unlike Cubism, which fragmented forms into geometric shapes and planes, Orphism used overlapping circles, spirals, and rhythmic patterns to suggest energy, motion and the interaction of light and colour.
Delaunay’s works, along with those of other artists like his wife Sonia Delaunay, embody the principles of Orphism. One of their most famous works is “Simultaneous Windows”, where they explore how colours interact with each other, creating a sense of movement and a rich visual experience.
Orphism was influential in the development of abstract art, particularly in its influence on later movements like Abstract Expressionism and Futurism.